Information Sources | Examples of Initial Intelligence Received | Verification Process | Methods of Information Sharing |
---|---|---|---|
Individual practitioner or healthcare facility lab | Suspected or confirmed sentinel case reported through local public health | Private sector, Laboratory Response Network (LRN), or HHS CDC laboratory confirmation may be required | Health Alert Network (HAN), National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC), Clinician Outreach and Communication Activity (COCA) |
Individual facility, local or state health department surveillance systems | Influx of patients with similar symptoms indicating potential new disease pathogen | Private sector, LRN, or HHS CDC laboratory confirmation may be required Epidemiologic investigation to confirm patterns of similarity | HAN, National Incident Coordination Conference Line (NICCL), COCA, National Poison Data System |
Identification of novel or atypical pathogen in FSLTT, or private sector laboratory | Individual not originally suspected; “unexpected” diagnosis received through secondary testing | Private sector, LRN, or HHS CDC laboratory confirmation may be required | HAN, COCA, NPHIC, Public Affairs Conference Line (PACL), NBIS Protocol |
Novel emerging infection reported under IHR from overseas source | New pathogen or pathogen of concern evolving in a situation in which spread to U.S. is possible | Multiple international partners as well as international assistance provided by U.S. Government (USG) | HAN, COCA, NPHIC, PACL, National Biosurveillance Integration System (NBIS) Protocol |
Zoonotic outbreak identified by private sector, SLTT, or federal providers or laboratories | Zoonotic pathogen identified in an animal population with potential for causing human disease | USDA, HHS CDC, SLTT, National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), or private sector laboratory confirm all possible | HAN, COCA, NPHIC, PACL, NBIS Protocol |
Law enforcement intelligence | Credible threat of deployment of pathogen of concern | Law enforcement investigations paired with public health expertise | Law Enforcement Sensitive (LES) Bulletin, NSC Process, NICCL |
Public media | Announced release of pathogen of concern | Multiple entities/processes at various levels potentially involved | NSC Process, NICCL, follow-on HAN, NPHIC, PACL |
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